Varun Kotte

Varun Kotte, Staff ML Engineer, Adobe

I build retrieval and LLM systems that stay reliable in production.

I own the serving and reliability layers of the internal LLM platform behind AI and search in six Adobe products, and I publish research on when a model's output can be trusted.

6Adobe products on the platform
8sole-authored papers
~7×Lightroom search click-through

Highlights

Selected work

LLM-serving & retrieval platform (ILUP)

The shared serving and retrieval layer product teams build on instead of rolling their own. It backs AI and search across six Adobe products; I own its serving and reliability layers.

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AutoPrompt

An internal tool that turns a team's own evaluation set into a working prompt baseline, cutting setup from days to hours.

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Lightroom semantic search

The named-entity layer behind intent-based photo search; click-through rose roughly seven-fold at launch.

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Selected research

When Can Conformal Risk Control Certify LLM Outputs?

preprint
Sole-authored. When a distribution-free guarantee on an LLM output is reachable, and a proof of when it is not; adaptive conformal inference cuts cross-dataset violations from 71% to 21%. Details →

The Compositional Generalization Gap in Named Entity Recognition

ANNPR 2026 · oral
Sole-authored. Taggers scoring 89-92% F1 on CoNLL-2003 collapse to 39-43% on novel entity compositions, a ~50-point gap the standard split never reveals. Details →

Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Domain-Specific Question Answering

AAAI 2024 · SDU Workshop
Adobe's production RAG method (co-author), independently built on by academic and industry groups.

EVICT: evidence-sufficiency verification for visually-grounded QA

CVPR · GRAIL-V
Sole-authored. A training-free probe that catches answers not grounded in the evidence.

PASC: pipeline-aware conformal prediction for multi-stage NLP

ICML · EIML
Sole-authored. Distribution-free coverage guarantees for a whole NLP pipeline, not each stage in isolation.
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